What is the primary treatment method for Cushing's syndrome?

The primary treatment method for Cushing's syndrome is surgery to remove the adrenal glands. This approach is aimed at addressing the underlying cause of the condition, which often stems from an overproduction of cortisol typically due to tumors in the adrenal glands or, in some cases, a pituitary adenoma that stimulates cortisol production. Removing the adenoma or adrenal glands can significantly reduce cortisol levels in the body, alleviating the symptoms associated with Cushing's syndrome.

In instances where Cushing's syndrome is caused by a pituitary tumor (Cushing's disease), transsphenoidal surgery to remove the pituitary tumor is often the first-line treatment. When surgery is not possible or if the disease is bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, bilateral adrenalectomy may be performed.

Other treatment modalities, such as radiation therapy or pharmaceutical interventions, are considered secondary options, particularly when surgery is not feasible or in cases of persistent disease. Hormone replacement therapy is not a primary treatment for Cushing's syndrome; rather, it might become necessary after adrenalectomy if a patient becomes adrenal insufficient. Insulin therapy is unrelated to Cushing's syndrome as it specifically pertains to diabetes management. Understanding the focus on surgical intervention underscores the need to target the hormonal imbalance at its source for effective