What is the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in both males and females?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays a crucial role in the regulation of reproductive processes in both males and females by stimulating gonadal function. In females, FSH is responsible for promoting the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles. It acts on the granulosa cells of the follicles to facilitate the production of estrogen, which is essential for the menstrual cycle and ovulation.

In males, FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes, which are vital for spermatogenesis. This action promotes the development of sperm and contributes to overall testicular function. Thus, FSH directly impacts the gonads by fostering the appropriate hormonal environment for gamete production and maturation in both genders.

The other options pertain to functions that are not primarily associated with FSH. Testosterone production is more directly stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) in males. FSH does not have a role in regulating glucose levels, nor does it suppress ovulation; rather, it is involved in the promotion of follicle development and subsequent ovulation in females. These distinctions reinforce the importance of FSH in stimulating gonadal function rather than in other unrelated processes.