Which anti-hypertensive medication is most likely responsible for high potassium and low sodium levels in a patient?

The medication responsible for causing high potassium and low sodium levels is Ramipril. This medication is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, which is commonly used to manage hypertension and heart failure. ACE inhibitors can lead to hyperkalemia, or elevated potassium levels, as they decrease the production of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes the excretion of potassium and the retention of sodium by the kidneys. In the absence of sufficient aldosterone, potassium excretion is impaired, causing a rise in potassium levels.

Additionally, Ramipril can lead to a decrease in sodium levels, as the lack of aldosterone results in less sodium reabsorption. This combination can therefore produce the electrolyte abnormalities of high potassium (hyperkalemia) and low sodium (hyponatremia), making it the most likely medication from the options provided to cause these changes in a patient.

In contrast, the other options, such as amlodipine, bendroflumethiazide, and doxazosin, are not typically associated with such significant alterations in potassium and sodium levels in the same way as Ramipril. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker and primarily does not affect electrolyte levels significantly. Bendroflum