Which hormone is produced in response to high blood glucose levels and promotes glucose uptake?

The hormone that is produced in response to high blood glucose levels and promotes glucose uptake is insulin. When blood glucose levels rise after a meal, the pancreas detects this increase and secretes insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin plays a crucial role in facilitating the uptake of glucose by the body's cells, particularly muscle and adipose (fat) tissues. This process helps to lower blood glucose levels back to a normal range.

In addition to enhancing glucose uptake, insulin also promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver and inhibits the production of new glucose by the liver, further contributing to the regulation of blood glucose levels. The ability of insulin to effectively manage glucose levels is fundamental to maintaining metabolic homeostasis.

The other hormones mentioned, such as glucagon, cortisol, and adrenaline, have different roles in glucose metabolism. Glucagon is released when blood glucose levels are low and stimulates the liver to release stored glucose. Cortisol is a stress hormone that can raise blood glucose levels, and adrenaline primarily acts in response to stress or danger, increasing blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown.